Environmental Performance Data

Our Wind and Solar Power Generation projects have successfully avoided more than 5 million tCO2e in cumulative greenhouse gas emissions.
The company’s “Bangkok E-Bus Programme” is the world’s first project to successfully transfer of carbon credits under Article 6.2 of the Paris Agreement.

Managing for Sustainability

Building a Sustainable Future Together. The Group believes that true business growth must be harmonized with the creation of global value. Beyond profitability, the Group’s core mission is to foster positive social and environmental impacts simultaneously. The Group has established a Sustainability Framework that is embedded in its corporate DNA, serving as a vital roadmap for driving the business toward sustainability across all dimensions:

Driving Economic Prosperity
Focus on transparent corporate governance, digital innovation, investment in green technologies, and sustainable product development to ensure robust and stable business growth.
Empowering Society
Prioritizing the well-being of our people and communities, enhancing Occupational Health and Safety (OHS), respecting Human Rights, and fostering active stakeholder engagement to build a resilient and equitable society.
Environmental Stewardship
Committing to decisive action in reducing environmental impacts through resource efficiency, greenhouse gas mitigation, and supporting a Circular Economy to propel the world toward a sustainable future.

With this framework in place, we are well positioned to become a leader in modern, environmentally friendly alternative energy, delivering maximum value fairly to all stakeholders and working together to build a better future for our planet.

The Group has integrated its sustainability commitment into the core of its business operations. This is executed through three primary strategies, known as the 'Triple-E Strategy,' ensuring that every step taken is a deliberate move toward a truly better and more sustainable world.

Emissions Revolution
Beyond Zero
  • Transitioning to renewable and clean energy in operations to reduce direct greenhouse gas emissions from the organization's activities and production processes.
  • Enhancing energy efficiency to significantly reduce negative environmental impacts.
  • Collaborating with stakeholders across the value chain to comprehensively promote low-greenhouse gas practices.
  • Implementing rigorous verification and validation of greenhouse gas emissions, alongside transparent and auditable data disclosure.
Emissions- Innovation
Technology for Tomorrow
  • Research and development, including the application of advanced energy storage solutions in operations, utilizing environmentally friendly and sustainable materials.
  • Driving innovation in new-generation electric propulsion technologies and high-efficiency battery technologies to achieve cost reduction and operational efficiency goals.
  • Strategic investment in clean technologies and emerging innovations, such as Waste-to-Energy technology, clean hydrogen production, and Power-to-X technology, to accelerate greenhouse gas reduction and support the transition to a low-carbon society.
Emissions Economy
Sustainable Value Creation
  • Integrated and comprehensive development of an environmentally friendly value chain, from the upstream production of clean energy to the downstream use of products and services.
  • Promoting community and stakeholder engagement through sustainable development projects to support carbon credit generation and drive shared, environmentally friendly growth.

The Group is firm in its belief that business growth must coexist in harmony with environmental stewardship and social responsibility. To reflect this commitment, the Group prioritizes sustainability management across all dimensions of its operations. The Group has established a comprehensive Sustainability Policy that serves as the definitive framework for its business conduct.

For further information, please refer to

Sustainability Policy

Greenhouse Gases Management

Goals
Reduce carbon intensity per revenue by
%
by 2030
Achieve
Carbon Neutrality
by 2040
Reach
Net Zero Emissions
by 2050

Management Approach

Climate management is central to our long-term business sustainability. Our focus extends beyond impact mitigation to building climate resilience and capturing growth opportunities within the transitioning low-carbon economy. The Company has systematically integrated the TCFD framework and IFRS S2 Climate-related Disclosures into our enterprise-wide risk management processes.

1
Governance :
The Company is supported by a solid and transparent governance foundation, with the Corporate Governance & Sustainability Committee (CGS) and the Risk Management Committee (RMC) overseeing and defining our climate-related strategic direction. Management roles and responsibilities are clearly defined, with climate-related KPIs linked to executive remuneration to incentivize organization-wide climate action.
2
Strategy :
The Group prioritizes the integration of climate-related issues into its short, medium, and long-term business strategies. This ensures organizational resilience and strengthens the Group's ability to capture future growth opportunities. The Group has conducted a comprehensive Scenario Analysis to identify and evaluate both climate-related risks and opportunities. This includes assessing Physical Risks stemming from the direct impacts of climate change, such as rising global temperatures and extreme weather events. It also encompasses Transition Risks arising from evolving environmental policies, technological advancements, and shifts in consumer behavior. Furthermore, the Group has established clear milestones to achieve Carbon Neutrality by 2040 and Net Zero Emissions by 2050.
3
Risk Management :
The Group has fully integrated climate-related risk management into its Enterprise Risk Management (ERM) framework. This integration follows a comprehensive 5-step process: Risk Identification, Assessment, Mitigation/Management, Monitoring, and Reporting. Furthermore, the Group utilizes Internal Carbon Pricing (ICP) as a strategic tool to evaluate the financial viability and feasibility of its low-carbon initiatives. This proactive approach ensures the Group's readiness for emerging climate-related regulations and carbon pricing mechanisms in the future.
4
Metrics and Targets :
The Group transparently discloses its Greenhouse Gas (GHG) emissions across Scope 1, 2, and 3, in accordance with the GHG Protocol and ISO 14064-1 standards. These disclosures are verified by independent third-party organizations. To drive toward its ambitious climate commitments, the Group has set a strategic target to reduce carbon intensity per revenue by 30% by 2030.

For further information, please refer to

TCFD - IFRS S2 Climate-related Disclosures

Performance

GHG Emissions of EA Group
Unit: tCO2e

Case Study/Success Stories

Promoting a Low-Carbon Society

The Group is committed to addressing the challenges of climate change through the implementation of projects that actively and decisively reduce greenhouse gas emissions. This is achieved by participating in the Thailand Voluntary Emission Reduction Program (T-VER) to generate carbon credits from clean energy and eco-friendly transportation initiatives. These initiatives serve as a vital mechanism in supporting a tangible transition toward a low-carbon society.

Wind Power Projects
Since commencing operations in 2017, our wind power projects have consistently reduced GHG emissions and are certified under the Thailand Voluntary Emission Reduction Program (T-VER standards) from Thailand Greenhouse Gas Management Organization (Public Organization) - TGO . These projects have achieved a cumulative emission reduction of over 2.3 million tCO2e.
Solar Power Projects
Operating since 2015, we have continuously generated carbon credits from our solar power projects certified by the TGO. To date, these initiatives have avoided more than 2.7 million tCO2e in total emissions.
Bangkok E-Bus Programme
This initiative marks a significant global milestone for our organization. It stands as the world's first project to complete a carbon credit transfer under the new Internationally Transferred Mitigation Outcomes (ITMOs) framework, as defined by Article 6.2 of the Paris Agreement.

Environmental Management

Goals and Performance Highlights
Goals
Zero high-severity environmental violations
Performance
In 2024,
the Group was not involved
in any significant environmental violations. Furthermore, the Group has incurred no significant fines related to environmental or ecological impacts over the past four years.

Management Approach

The Group is committed to advancing its management and business standards in harmony with sustainable environmental management. We prioritize Occupational Health, Safety, and Environment alongside social responsibility. This commitment encompasses all operations and employees, and extends to the Group's suppliers, business partners, and relevant stakeholders. It covers all business activities, products, logistics, and the distribution of goods and services. Additionally, it includes the continuous management of environmental pollution and waste at every stage of the value chain.

Quality, Environmental, Occupational Health, and Safety Policy

The group is committed to develop management standards. and conducting business along with sustainable environmental management Company concerned importance to safety hygiene and working environment and have social responsibility. This policy covers operations and employees of the company and encompass measures refer in Occupational Health & Safety Commitments. In addition, the company also places importance on resource management. It covers business activities, products, transportation, distribution of products, services, as well as environmental pollution and waste management, and in every step continuously. From the period before acquiring assets, mergers and acquisitions. Including planning, design, and operations in addition, this commitment is a direct duty and responsibility of all executives and employees and will be conveyed to suppliers, partners as well as recipients of relevant stakeholders.

For further information, please refer to

Quality, Environmental, and Occupational Health and Safety Policy

Case Study/Success Stories

Reporting on environmental violations

The Company strictly complies with relevant environmental laws and regulations. From 2019-2024, there were no environmental violations and the Company has not paid any significant fines (Environmental Violations Fine since USD 10,000 or more) related to environmental issues.

Environmental Management System (EMS)

The Group has developed and implemented an Environmental Management System (EMS) in accordance with the ISO 14001 standard.

For further information and to view our official certifications, please visit:

Awards and Certifications

Waste Management

Goals
Increase the proportion of reused and recycled waste by
%
by 2026.

Management Approach

The Group focuses on waste reduction and material recovery to minimize the waste generated by its business operations. Key ongoing initiatives include repurposing solar panels with diminished efficiency for on-site power generation within other facilities or to provide electricity to local communities. Furthermore, the Group has established a formal Waste Management Procedure to ensure proper disposal and mitigate any adverse environmental impacts. This procedure encompasses the management of both general and hazardous waste resulting from various processes and internal activities. It also includes strict controls for the sorting and classification of waste streams, ensuring that all hazardous materials are transported for disposal through authorized channels.

Furthermore, the Group implements a holistic waste management approach, throughout the across value chain, from raw material sourcing to final disposal. Building on past performance, the Group manages waste through the 3Rs strategy (Reduce, Reuse, Recycle), prioritizing resource reduction, reuse, and material recovery. In addition, the Waste Management Procedure is regularly reviewed and updated to ensure its ongoing effectiveness. To drive sustainable business development, the Group fosters environmental awareness among employees, striving for environmental excellence and strict legal compliance. This is further reinforced by the '3Rs Campaign Communication' initiative, which promotes resource efficiency and emphasizes the core principles of the 3Rs, supported by robust management processes and consistent monitoring and evaluation.

Performance

Total waste recycled/reused
Metric tones

*Operational Data for Renewable Power Plants

Case Study/Success Stories

Waste Reduction Project

Biodiesel business

Reducing Wastewater Contamination from Glycerin Distillation Tower Cleaning. The Group has successfully implemented a project to mitigate wastewater contamination arising from the cleaning process of glycerin distillation towers by integrating a Filter Press system. This technological application allows wastewater to be effectively treated and filtered, enabling its recirculation and reuse within the production process. As a result of this sustainable initiative, the Group has achieved a significant environmental and economic impact, reducing wastewater disposal by 60 tons per month and realizing a cost saving of 54,000 THB per month in treatment and disposal expenses.

Realizing a cost saving of
THB per month

Energy Management

Goals
Reduce energy consumption by
% annually

Management Approach

The Group manages its energy consumption by continuously developing and optimizing its Energy Management System for maximum efficiency. Furthermore, the Group establishes annual targets and formulates Energy Conservation Action Plans. These plans serve as a roadmap to effectively reduce the consumption of both fuel and electricity across all operations.

Performance

Total non - renewable energy consumption
MWh
Total renewable energy consumption
MWh

Case Study/Success Stories

Energy Conservation Initiatives by Business Unit

Biodiesel business
1
The project to reduce coal consumption
from cleaning the steel walls in contact with water using chemicals for a 16-ton boiler, which resulted in a reduction of coal usage by 131,220.21 kilograms per year, or 131.22 tons per year.
2
The project to Replace Cooling Tower Fan Blades
by changing the material from aluminum to FRP (Fiberglass Reinforced Plastic) material of the cooling tower fan blades, electricity consumption has been reduced by 126,327.96 kWh.
Renewable Power Business
1
Solar Panel Installation Project on Rooftops
Solar panels have been installed on the rooftops of office buildings, parking lots, and warehouse facilities within the company Nakhon Sawan, Phitsanulok, Chaiyaphum, Lumpang and Nakornsrithammarat. This initiative aims to reduce external electricity consumption to 382,158.10 kWh.
2
Floating Solar Panel Project
Floating solar panels have been installed on the solar power plant Lopburi province water reservoir, contributing to the reduction of external electricity consumption to 34,256.80 kWh.
Battery and Commercial Electric Vehicle Business
1
Solar Panel Installation Project on Rooftops
Solar panels have been installed on the rooftops. A total of 2.849 MW of solar panels have been installed on the roof of the production building within the company. These are used in the production process and the energy storage system (ESS) of the factory, which can reduce the use of external electrical energy by a total of 1,570,676.30 kilowatt-hours (kWh).
2
LiBr Absorption Cooling System Installation Project
The LiBr absorption cooling system (Absorption chiller LiBr) with a capacity of 500 tons of cooling has been installed to utilize the excess steam generated from the boiler’s steam production as energy to drive the absorption cooling system. This reduces the electricity consumption of the cooling system (Chiller), which supplies cooling to the air conditioning system in the main production building and the utility production building. As a result, electricity consumption has been reduced from 7,959,285.12 kilowatt-hours (kWh) to 7,359,050.58 kilowatt-hours (kWh), resulting in an overall energy savings of 600,234.54 kilowatt-hours (kWh) or 7.54%

Water Management

Goals
Reduce water consumption by
% annually

Management Approach

The Group manages operational water use by reclaiming and recycling treated water to minimize overall freshwater consumption. Furthermore, we plan to utilize high-quality treated effluent for maintaining green spaces, such as plant irrigation, to substitute the use of municipal water. We also actively promote awareness and initiatives to ensure that water resources are utilized with maximum efficiency and value. Although some projects are located in high water stress areas, the Group’s water consumption remains at levels that do not adversely affect local stakeholders. Moreover, the Group maintains a robust water management plan that prioritizes the needs and concerns of all stakeholders.

The Group prioritizes water stewardship as a core sustainability commitment by establishing an "Integrated Water Efficiency and Risk Management Report." This reflects a proactive approach to maximizing water efficiency and systematically managing related risks to ensure zero impact on the environment and surrounding communities.

For further information, please refer to

Integrated Water Efficiency and Risk Management Report

Performance

Total water withdrawal
Unit: million m3
Total water discharge
Unit: million m3
Total net fresh water consumption
Unit: million m3

Case Study/Success Stories

Water Consumption Reduction Project

Biodiesel business

For 2024 performance, the amount of water used in the production process is 110,680 cubic meters and the amount of recycled water is 4,824 cubic meters from the operation of 2 projects, as shown below:

1
Project on use of blowdown water from cooling tower to replace pipe water in the fire-fighting system
The project helps reduce pipe water consumption by 3,024 cubic meters or 9.72% of water required to be filled in the cooling tower.
2
Project on reuse of treated water for plant cleaning
The project reduces use of pipe water by 1,800 cubic meters or approximately 2% of total pipe water consumption of the plant.
Battery and Commercial Electric Vehicle Business
1
The project to reduce water used by standardization of Electrical Conductivity (EC)
parameter in Water Rinse2 and Water Rinse4 in order to reduce the addition of DI water (water that passes through the deionization process), which can reduce the amount of tap water used to produce DI water by 50.4 cubic meters/month.
2
Car Body and Parts Surface Cleaning System Project before EDP Coating Process
by enhancing the quality of the work pieces after the coating process, the water consumption in DI water production has been reduced by 878 liter/ 1 vehicles.

Air Pollution Management

Management Approach

The Group is firm in its belief that business growth must coexist with a deep sense of environmental and social responsibility. This conviction is the foundation of the Group's Social and Environmental Policy, which is clearly defined within its corporate handbook. The Group prioritizes minimizing environmental impacts and is committed to reducing and preventing pollution across every stage of its operations. To achieve these environmental objectives, the Group has implemented an Environmental Management System (EMS) in accordance with the international ISO 14001 standard. This system operates under the direct oversight of the Corporate Governance and Sustainability Committee. Furthermore, the Group has integrated greenhouse gas (GHG) emission reduction targets into the Key Performance Indicators (KPIs) of both employees and executives. This integration fosters motivation and ensures that operational execution aligns strictly with the Group's sustainability roadmap.

The Group prioritizes continuous air quality management across its operations. This involves the monitoring and control of key pollutants, including Nitrogen Oxides (NOx), Sulfur Dioxide (SO2), and Volatile Organic Compounds (VOCs). These efforts ensure full compliance with established standards and legal requirements. Furthermore, the Group consistently monitors and reports Total Suspended Particulate (TSP) data. This monitoring serves as a framework for surveillance and the development of measures to mitigate health impacts on both employees and surrounding communities. These actions reflect the Group's commitment to fostering a healthy and sustainable environment for all.

For further information, please refer to

Manual

Performance

Total Suspended Particles (TSP)
ESL
Solar Power Plant, Lampang Province
0.330 mg/m3
ESP
Solar power plant, Phitsanulok Province
0.021 mg/m3
ESN
Solar power plant, Nakhon Sawan Province
0.067 mg/m3
ESLO
Solar power plant, Lopburi Province
0.049 mg/m3

Case Study/Success Stories

Air Quality Monitoring Results: Solar Power Plant Operations

The Group implements air quality management practices by monitoring and controlling air pollutant emissions in strict compliance with legal requirements. Emission levels are maintained below the regulatory limit of 0.33 milligrams per cubic meter (mg/m3).

Emission levels are maintained below the regulatory limit of
milligrams per cubic meter.

Biodiversity Management

Goals

The group has made a firm commitment to achieve a net positive impact (NPI)
on biodiversity across all its own operations by 2050. To support this ambition, the company will implement projects to deliver no net loss (NNL) of biodiversity by aligning with the biodiversity mitigation hierarchy.

Management Approach

The Group recognizes the vital importance of protecting ecosystems within its operational areas. Accordingly, we have established a "Biodiversity Commitment" and adopted a comprehensive biodiversity risk management framework. This framework aims to minimize negative impacts through the Mitigation Hierarchy: Avoid, Minimize, Restore, and Offset.

For further information, please refer to

Biodiversity Commitment

Biodiversity Risk Assessment and Disclosure

The Groups recognizes the significance of biodiversity risk management. Consequently, the Group conducted its inaugural biodiversity risk assessment and reporting in 2024. This assessment followed the LEAP approach (Locate, Evaluate, Assess, Prepare), aligned with the recommendations of the Taskforce on Nature-related Financial Disclosures (TNFD). The scope covered the direct operations of 12 renewable power plants in Thailand, with plans to expand this assessment across all business units in the future. The findings revealed several ecosystem dependencies, particularly regarding climate regulation and surface water sources. Furthermore, key risks requiring close monitoring were identified, such as impacts related to wildlife and pollution. The Group is committed to utilizing these findings as a foundation for continuously developing strategies and mitigation measures. As a next step, in-depth assessments will be conducted for high-risk areas to develop appropriate Biodiversity Action Plans (BAPs).

Application of the Mitigation Hierarchy Principle

To ensure sustainable business operations, the Group has adopted the Mitigation Hierarchy as its core framework for biodiversity management. We focus on systematically preventing and minimizing negative impacts arising from our operations integrated across all business activities. This approach ensures that our business growth remains in harmony with the environment and does not adversely affect local ecosystems.

This principle consists of the following key steps:
Mitigation Hierarchy Principle Click to Enlarge
Avoid:
The Group prioritizes the initial stage of the mitigation hierarchy to prevent impacts at the source by conducting comprehensive climate and biodiversity risk assessments during the site selection process for all future projects. Furthermore, as stated in its Biodiversity Commitment, the Group pledges that no business units shall operate within World Heritage sites. This commitment extends to IUCN Protected Areas (Categories I-IV), ensuring the avoidance of significant impacts on high biodiversity value areas.
Reduce:
For impacts that cannot be entirely avoided, the Group is committed to implementing effective measures to reduce them to the fullest extent possible. For instance, in our wind power projects, we have established bird and bat population monitoring programs to reduce risks to local wildlife. Regarding solar power projects, we have pioneered technological reduction initiatives to decrease water consumption. This includes the deployment of waterless solar panel cleaning systems to conserve vital water resources.
Restore & Regenerate:
The Group takes full responsibility for restoring areas affected by its operations. This is achieved through reforestation projects in surrounding areas, designed to support ecosystem restoration and recreate natural habitats for local wildlife. For example, we have actively supported forest and ecosystem restoration initiatives in Chaiyaphum Province.
Transform:
The Group is dedicated to driving systemic change across its operations and beyond. This includes the establishment of a No Deforestation Policy to ensure that all business partners strictly comply with relevant environmental regulations. Furthermore, we actively collaborate with industry partners to accelerate the transition toward sustainable energy.

For further information, please refer to

Biodiversity Risk and Assessment Report

Performance

Biodiversity Risk Assessment

The Group’s 2024 biodiversity risk assessment focuses primarily on the direct operations of its renewable energy business. This scope encompasses 8 wind power projects and 4 solar power projects located within Thailand. The total assessed area, including operational sites and adjacent buffer zones, covers 1,315 hectares across 182 assessed points. Furthermore, the assessment extends to the value chain, featuring a qualitative evaluation of Operations and Maintenance (O&M) suppliers. It also includes an analysis of the national grid connection within the downstream value chain. The Group is committed to expanding this assessment to cover the entire value chain in the future. The summary of the operational site assessment, highlighting areas with significant biodiversity impacts.

The following section identifies the specific operational areas found to have significant impacts on biodiversity:

Overall area of own operational sites
Number of sites
sites
Area
Hectares
Biodiversity impact assessments for own operational sites
Number of sites
sites
Area
Hectares
The total exposure of the sites assessed
Number of sites
0
sites
Area
0
Hectares
Total area of Management plans
Number of sites
0
sites
Area
0
Hectares

Green Space Expansion

The Group is dedicated to being an environmentally conscious organization, striving to restore and maintain the country's natural balance. Through green space expansion, the Group aims to conserve natural resources, enhance ecosystems, and mitigate global warming. Furthermore, these initiatives foster community engagement in the sustainable preservation of forest resources. Consequently, the Group has launched a reforestation project with a target to plant 32,000 trees across 500 rai within 7 provinces by 2037.

Target to plant trees
across 500 rai within 7 provinces by 2037

Case Study/Success Stories

Biodiversity Studies in Wind Power Projects

Wind power plants may impact local ecosystems and wildlife habitats, particularly for birds and bats. Recognizing the importance of ecological preservation, the Group has conducted biodiversity studies surrounding its wind power project sites in Chaiyaphum, Nakhon Si Thammarat, and Songkhla to collect baseline data during both pre-construction and operational phases. This initiative includes providing specialized training on bird and bat species identification to site personnel, which was implemented at the Nakhon Si Thammarat wind power plant.

Beyond training, field surveys were conducted in collaboration with experts to monitor local bird species and their populations. At Project Site 2, where turbines are located within the Na Saton Municipality, a total of 27 bird species were identified. Key species observed include the Painted Stork (Mycteria leucocephala), Little Grebe (Tachybaptus ruficollis), Spotted Dove (Spilopelia chinensis), Common Moorhen (Gallinula chloropus,) Great Egret (Ardea alba), Little Egret (Egretta garzetta), and Woolly-necked Stork (Ciconia episcopus). In 2024, the Group continues to consistently monitor bird and bat populations across its project sites in Chaiyaphum, Nakhon Si Thammarat, and Songkhla.

Related Documents

Annual Environmental and Social Monitoring Report 2023
Biodiversity Commitment
Biodiversity Risk Assessment 2023
Biodiversity Risk and Assessment Report 2024
Climate-Related Risk Management Report 2023
Energy Management Programs
Energy Saving Policy
Greenhouse Gas Emission Target
Increasing Green Area Policy
Integrated Water Efficiency and Risk Management Report 2024
No Deforestation Policy
Quality, Environmental, and Occupational Health and Safety Policy
TCFD – IFRS S2 Climate-Related Disclosures 2024
Waste Management Programs
Water Risk Management Programs